|
|
Flying Secrets ©Douglas Walker Daniel 2008, 2009 Table of Contents Acknowledgements v Foreword xi Chapter One Basics 1 Flying Story about Crosswind Landings 1 Why
you need an intuitive understanding of basic principles 2 Energy 3 Velocity 4 Vectors 5 Mass
and weight 8 Momentum 8 Viscosity 9 Conservation 10 Force 11 Basic
Forces of Aviation 13 Power 14 Wind 15 Angle
of Attack 16 Thrust 16 Drag 17 Shape 18 Summary 19 Chapter Two Airplane in Flight 20 Straight
and Pitch 22 Yaw 22 Roll 22 Techniques
used to Fly Straight and How
Flight Controls Work 24 Elevator 24 Ailerons 24 Rudder 25 Deviations
from Straight and The
Effects of Power Reduction 25 The
Effects of The
Effects of Extended Flaps 26 The
Effects of Flying Slow 26 The
Effects of Full Power in a Slow Flight, Flying Story about High Altitude
Landing 28 Summary 29 Chapter Three Aerodynamics 30 Surface
Pressure and Wind 30 Bernoulli 30 Coandǎ 30 Flying Story about Home Built
Airplane 31 Wind 31 Boundary
Boundary
Drag
and Boundary Boundary
Viscous
Drag and Boundary Angle
of Attack 37 Aspect
Ratio 38 Pitching
Moment 39 Experimental
Data 40 Summary 41 Chapter Four Airfoils and Wings 42 A
Experimental
Data 44 Air
Pressure is lower On the Wing’s Top Than Bottom 46 Where
Does the High Pressure Air Try to Go? 46 Camber 48 Control
Surfaces 54 Flutter 55 Vortex
Generators 56 Summary 57 Chapter Five Air
and Air flows 58 Air 58 Speed
of Sound 59 Air Flow 60 Flying Story about Navy Jet 60 Summary 61 Chapter Six Pitch Stability 62 Pitch
Oscillations 62 Flying Story about Homebuilt Biplane 64 Importance
of Pitch Stability 64 Pitch
Stability in Stalls 64 Summary
74 Chapter Seven Yaw and Roll Stability 75 Yaw
stability 75 Roll
stability 76 Dihedral 77 Roll’s
Influence on Yaw and Pitch 79 Summary 80 Chapter Eight Flight Dynamics 81 One
Control at a Time 81 Elevator 81 Rudder 81 Ailerons 82 Spoilers 83 Flaps 83 Throttles
and Propellers 85 P-factor 87 Propeller
Efficiency 88 Maneuvers 90 Coordinated
Flight 90 Coordinated
Turns 90 Uncoordinated
Flight – Forward Slips, Side-Slips, and Skids 91 Slow
Dutch Roll (SDR) 93 Ground
effect 94 Summary 95 Chapter Airport
Traffic Patterns 96 Basic
Pattern 96 Entry 96 Departure 97 Taxiing 97 Clear
the Pattern First 99 Taxi
into Position and Hold 99 Other
Takeoffs 100 Crosswind 104 High
Altitude 106 Flying Story about Poor Planning 106 Flying Story about Poor Technique 106 Short
Field 109 Soft
Field 112 Rough
Field 112 Partial
Power 113 Summary 114 Chapter Ten Airspeeds and Airspeed Indicators 115 Airspeed
indicators 115 Airspeeds 116 Best
Angle of Climb Airspeed (Vx) 119 Best
Rate of Climb Airspeed (Vy) 119 Summary 120 Chapter Eleven Climbs
and Descents 121 Climbs 121 Descents 126 Fuel
M Typical
Descent 127 Cylinder
Head Temperature 129 Carburetor
Heat 131 Mixture 131 Summary 134 Chapter Twelve Turns 135 Coordinated
Turns 135 Steeper
Banks Require More Higher
Airspeed Results in a Bigger Turn 136 at Constant Angle of Bank Rate
of Turn 137 Making
Tight Turns Safely 138 Flying Story About Tight Turns 140 Summary 141 Chapter Thirteen Stalls 142 Anatomy
of a Stall 142 Attached
Boundary Separated
Boundary Delayed
Stall Onset 144 Minimizing
the Effects of Stall 145 Stall
Warning 146 Stall
Characteristics of C Critical
Angle of Attack and Stall Speed 147 Particularly
Dangerous Stalls 148 Stall
Recovery 148 Single-engine
Technique 149 Recovering
from a Multi-engine Stall 150 Summary 153 Chapter Fourteen Developing
Pre-landing
Exercises above Traffic Pattern Altitude 154 Pre-landing
Exercises Close to the Ground 156 Safe
Practice Area 156 Ground
Track Maneuvers 157 Rectangular
Pattern 157 S-turns 159 Turns-around-a-point 161 Flying
the Traffic Pattern 162 Projecting
the Glide 164 Pre-landing
Exercises over a Runway 166 Summary 168 Chapter Fifteen Things
Don’t Always Go As Planned 169 Full
‘Up’ Elevator Exerts Maximum Down Force on Brakes 174 Why
Did Things Go Wrong? 174 Taxiing
in a Strong Wind 177 Situational
Awareness 178 Airspeed
Control 178 Projected
Glide Point Control 178 Very
Precision
Cross-Controlling 178 Summary 179 Chapter Sixteen More
about Things
going wrong 180 Ballooning 180 Bouncing 182 Mushing 182 Ground
looping 183 Kinds
of Crosswind 185 Full
Stall 186 Attitude 186 Wheel 187 Power 187 Soft
and Rough Field 188 Short
Field 188 Summary 189 Chapter Seventeen Flying
Myths 190 Glossary 193 |